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منظمة العفو الدولية ضحية قرصنة إلكترونية

وقعت منظمة العفو الدولية ضحية محاولة تجسس متطورة نادرة من نوعها من خلال جمعية غير حكومية مزيفة تسللت اليها بهدف قرصنتها.

واستهدفت جمعية “ضحايا لا صوت لهم” أربع منظمات اخرى ساهمت في تقرير منظمة العفو الدولية الذي دان التجاوزات المرتكبة بحق عمال مهاجرين في قطر يعملون في منشآت مباريات كرة القدم للعام 2022.

كان لدى الجمعية المزيفة التي قدمت نفسها بوصفها “مدافعة عن حقوق الانسان” كل ما تحتاجه جمعية حقيقية من موقع الكتروني متطور الى صفحة ناشطة على فيسبوك وحساب على تويتر بالاضافة الى فريق عمل ناجح بحسب سيرته المهنية على الموقع. ولتأكيد التزامها بالدفاع عن حقوق الانسان، اعدت الجمعية التي اكدت ان مقرها موجود في ليل في شمال فرنسا، اشرطة فيديو مكلفة، وحصلت على تغطية من قناة الجزيرة القطرية تتحدث عن انجازاتها وامنت ستة الاف متتبع على مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي.

ولكن كل ذلك “كان مزيفا”، تقول سابين غانييه المكلفة الدفاع عن منظمة العفو الدولية التي تعرضت لهجوم معلوماتي مع الجمعية الدولية لعمال البناء والخشب والكونفدرالية النقابية الدولية والفدرالية الدولية لعمال النقل والمنظمة الدولية لمناهضة العبودية.

وتقول ان هذه الجمعيات تلقت اتصالا من “ضحايا لا صوت لهم” في اذار/مارس قبل نشر تقريرها. وتم تبادل رسائل الكترونية على مدى اشهر، ولكن الهجوم المعلوماتي جرى في آب/أغسطس.

ويروي مساعد مدير منظمة العفو الدولية جيمس لينش “عندما فتحت ملفا مرفقا باحدى رسائلهم اضاءت الشاشة وتوقف الجهاز”. رصد الجهاز الامني في المنظمة محاولة التسلل وتحرك ومنع حدوث ضرر.

وبدأت المنظمة بالتحقيق حول هذه الخدعة. ويقول شريف السيد علي المسؤول الفني لدى المنظمة ان “الهجوم كان اكثر تطورا من تلك التي نتعرض لها عادة”.

ويؤكد خبير الامن المعلوماتي جيروم بلوا ان “الجهد المبذول في آلية التسلل كان مفاجئا وتطلب توظيف امكانيات كبيرة لانتحال الشخصية”.

والطريقة المستخدمة ويطلق عليها اسم الاعلانات الكاذبة (استروتورفنغ) تقوم على ازعاج احد الخصوم او التسلل الى جهازه المعلوماتي تحت “ستار قضية نبيلة”. وهي وسيلة لا يتقنها غير نحو عشر جهات وفق مدير البحث في معهد العلاقات الدولية والاستراتيجية خبير الانترنت فرنسوا برنار هيو.

وهذا يطرح سؤال: من يقف وراءها. وعندما توجهت منظمة العفو الى الحكومة القطرية اكدت الدوحة ان ليس لها اي علاقة بانشاء او بافعال “ضحايا لا صوت لهم”.

ولم تتلق منظمة العفو جوابا من الامارات العربية المتحدة التي وصفتها بانها “مذنب محتمل” لانها سعت بوسائل مماثلة الى الاساءة الى قطر التي تشهد علاقاتها معها توترا.

ويقول هيو انها “قد تكون شركة” مثل شركة البناء والاشغال العامة المتعددة الجنسية (بي تي بي) المشاركة في بناء منشآت رياضية في قطر والتي ربما سعت الى “ارباك” المجتمع المدني.

ويؤكد جيروم بلوا “ايا يكن من اعطى الامر بذلك، يجب ان ينبه هذا الهجوم المجتمع المدني الى مخاطر التجسس المعلوماتي ويدفعه الى ادراك ما يجري”.

ويقول فرنسوا برنار هيو “مع تعمق نضالنا الايديولوجي علينا ان نتوقع هجمات معادية ايديولوجية عبر المسارات المعلوماتية”.

تمكن “الجيش الالكتروني السوري” الذي يعتبر تابعا للنظام السوري خلال السنوات الماضية من قرصنة مواقع وسائل اعلام عالمية و”هيومن رايتس ووتش” و”منظمة العفو الدولية”. وحصلت المنظمة على تاكيد في 2015 من القضاء البريطاني بان تجسس السلطات البريطانية عليها “مخالف للقانون”.

ولهذا استثمرت المنظمة كثيرا في الامن المعلوماتي، وهو “ما انقذها من الوقوع في فخ جمعية ضحايا لا صوت لهم” وفق مسؤول فريق المعلوماتية لديها.

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