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خطر السجائر الالكترونية (دراسة)

 

أظهرت دراسة محدودة أن بعض المدخنين يرون أن السجائر الالكترونية تساعد على الاقلاع عن التدخين بينما يرى البعض الآخر أنها تمثل اغراء لمن أقلع بالفعل عن هذه العادة بشق الأنفس.

وكتب باحثون من اسكتلندا في دورية توباكو كونترول أنهم أجروا مقابلات مع 64 مدخنا ولم يجدوا توافقا يذكر في الاراء بشأن مزايا وأضرار السجائر الالكترونية وهو ما يعكس انقساما في المجتمع الطبي حول مدى صحة الترويج للسجائر الالكترونية على أنها بديل آمن للسجائر التقليدية.

A person smokes an electronic cigarette on March 05, 2013 in Paris. AFP PHOTO / KENZO TRIBOUILLARD        (Photo credit should read KENZO TRIBOUILLARD/AFP/Getty Images)وتقول اماندا آموس التي أشرفت على الدراسة وهي باحثة في مركز أبحاث صحة السكان في جامعة إدنبره في رسالة بالبريد الالكتروني “بدأنا نعرف عن المخاطر الصحية لان السجائر الالكترونية منتج حديث نسبيا.”صممت السجائر الالكترونية لتحاكي السجائر الحقيقة مع اضافة عنصر جذب هو دخان البخار الكثيف الذي يصدر عنها. ويوجد بها بطارية وعنصر تسخين الى جانب عبوة بها نيكوتين وسوائل أخرى أو مكسبات للطعم.

ولان ما يجعل السجائر مضرة هو دخان التبغ يمكن للسجائر الالكترونية أن تكون أكثر أمانا لانها لا تحرق التبغ. لكن رغم ذلك يسبب النيكوتين الموجود داخلها الادمان.

وأجرت اموس وزملاؤها مقابلات مع 11 فردا و12 مجموعة من المدخنين الحاليين ومن أقلعوا خلال عام.

واعتبر غالبية المشاركين التدخين نوعا من الادمان وهم يرون أن الارادة تلعب دورا محوريا في الاقلاع عن التدخين. وجرب معظمهم السجائر الالكترونية مرة واحدة على الاقل.

وهم يعتبرون السجائر الالكترونية مختلفة تماما عن المنتجات البديلة عن النيكوتين مثل العلكة واللصقات التي من المفترض انها تساعد المدخنين على الاقلاع. ولان الاطباء ينصحون باستخدام بدائل النيكوتين هذه لمن يحاولون الاقلاع هم يعتبرونها من المنتجات الطبية.

لكن مع السجائر الالكترونية لم تكن رؤية الناس واضحة عن الغرض منها أو عن طريقة استخدامها الصحيحة وهم لا يربطون بينها وبين الاقلاع بشكل مباشر مقارنة بالعلكة الطبية او اللصقات.

ويرى البعض أن السجائر الالكترونية هي بديل عن التدخين أكثر ارضاء لكن آخرين لا يتبنون وجهة النظر هذه بل يرونها خطرا على من يحاولون الاقلاع عن التدخين او من أقلعوا بالفعل.

ويقول الدكتور ريكاردو بولوسا استاذ الطب الباطني بجامعة كاتانيا بايطاليا “هذا البحث يظهر أن الرأي العام عن السجائر الالكترونية هو أبعد ما يكون عن التبلور مع وجود الكثير من اللغط حول المنتج وهدف استخدامه.”

ويقول بولوسا الذي لم يشارك في الدراسة في رسالة بالبريد الالكتروني “الامر حقيقة غير معقد بالمرة. السجائر الالكترونية هي بديل عن التدخين أكثر أمنا وهي خصيصا من أجل المدخنين غير القادرين على الاقلاع باستخدام وسائل أخرى.”

ويقول الدكتور كونستانتينوس فارسالينوس الباحث في مركز اوناسيس لجراحة القلب انه رغم ان الدراسة محدودة ولا يمكن ان تستخلص منها مفهوما عاما عن التدخين الا انها تبرز عدم وضوح رؤية على نطاق واسع بين المستهلكين في كثير من الدول.

وقال في رسالة بالبريد الالكتروني “الملخص هو انه لا يتم تشجيع المدخنين على استخدام السجائر الالكترونية كبديل للتدخين. لكن بالنسبة للمدخنين الذين لم يستطيعوا التحول الى البدائل الطبية أو لا يريدون ذلك يمكن أن تصبح السجائر الالكترونية فعلا وسيلة لانقاذ حياتهم.”

 

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