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?Amin Maalouf coupable ou victime

Capture d’écran 2016-06-11 à 08.48.37Dr Ghada El Yafi

Nous nous sommes précipités pour dénoncer l’interview qu’il a accordé à une télé israélienne. Pour nous autres, arabes, nationalistes, ayant subi les affres de l’occupation israélienne au Liban pendant plus d’un quart de siècle, avec les prisons et tortures, destructions et humiliations et ce, jusqu’à la liberation de 2000 et la guerre de 2006 pour le Liban. Mais les exactions durent depuis 1948 à l’encontre des arabes, des autres. D’abord des palestiniens: usurpation des terres, colonisation rampante, checkpoints avec attentes interminables pour aller d’un point à un autre dans leur propre pays. Des femmes qui accouchent à ces checkpoints, des bébés qui meurent, des personnes agées que l’on maltraite, des enfants que l’on arrête, des ambulances qu’on empêche d’arriver à temps, des blessés qu’on laisse saigner à mort, ou que l’on achève, des couteaux que l’on place à côté de la victime pour justifier, le meurtre et encore et encore, et tout cela sans parler des guerres qui ont favorisé l’occupation de terres arabes, des guerres contre Gaza, Jenine. Comment oublier l’utilisation d’armes interdites: les bombes à fragmentation, à uranium appauvri, les bombes au phosphore…avec des témoignages de médecins, de journalistes, occidentaux si l’on admet que les arabes mentent. Toutes ces raisons sont suffisantes pour nous, afin que nous ne puissions considérer quiconque qui communique avec l’ennemi pour n’importe quelle raison, pour prendre ou donner n’importe quoi, une information, un bien ou même une idée,….ne peut être considéré autrement que comme un traître, si c’est un arabe.
C’est là que réside le problème. Qui est arabe et qui ne l’est pas.
Si la libération du joug ottoman a fait renaître le nationalisme arabe, la création du Grand Liban pour « protéger” les chrétiens, a largement contribué à détruire cette appartenance pour la remplacer par l’appartenance religieuse confessionnelle. Le pacte signé en 1946 entre le patriarche Arida et l’agence juive pour la Palestine, a contribué à confirmer la séparation d’une partie des chrétiens de leur appartenance arabe. N’est-ce pas que beaucoup se sont réclamé d’appartenance phénicienne pour réfuter leur arabité? (Malheureusement pour eux, les tests ADN pratiqués il y a quelques années à l’Université Américaine de Beyrouth a infirmé cette hypothèse concernant la communauté maronite).
La liberté de l’éducation et de l’enseignement privés, devant être respectés, selon la constitution libanaise, ont contribué largement à creuser le fossé entre les appartenances arabe et “libanaise” , celle-ci étant assimilée à la communauté chrétienne par une fraction de la population. Car pour eux, il est contradictoire d’être à la fois libanais et arabe, comme l’est la Syrie, l’Irak, l’Égypte, le Maroc ainsi que tous les autres pays arabes. Ce sentiment d’exclusivité du “bien” et le rapport entre la confession et le pays a rapproché cette fraction de la communauté libanaise du point de vue israélien, très similaire.
Pour en revenir à notre sujet, ce qui a précédé avait pour but d’expliquer qu’une partie de la population libanaise ne se sent pas concernée par les problèmes des arabes, ni par le problème palestinien, ni par le voeu des populations arabes d’unité ou de complémentarité. Ils ressentent le monde arabe comme étranger et menaçant et cherchent à se regrouper en communauté pour se défendre contre l’ illusion de la menace. Illusion, invention de leur esprit ou de leurs chefs religieux ou politiques afin de rester maîtres, suggestion de l’étranger pour que “diviser pour régner” soit leur outil, (je ne saurai le dire), mais invention, certes, puisqu’ils se sont côtoyés quatorze siècles et n’ont pas disparu de la scène! (Je ne veux pas discuter du sujet politique du pourquoi aujourd’hui).
Mais Amin Maalouf a quand même vécu son enfance et son adolescence ici, au Liban. Rien ne marque davantage un être que cette période de sa vie. Ainsi s’il appartient à cette catégorie, s’il ne se sent pas arabe, s’il ne compatit pas avec leurs problèmes, on ne peut pas dire qu’il a trahi ses convictions. Il est resté en concordance avec lui-même

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