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روبرت مود… جنرال دبلوماسي في مهمة صعبة

الجنرال النرويجي روبرت مود ذو الشعر الاشقر الذي يقود مهمة مراقبة وقف اطلاق النار في سوريا يبدو القائد الهادئ الذي سيستخدم صورة الحياد للتغلب على ما وصفها “بالريبة العميقة”.

ومود مخضرم في مراقبة هدنات صعبة في الشرق الاوسط ويعلم سوريا جيداً. الجنرال البالغ من العمر 54 عاماً، والذي يبدو صارماً، يزن كلماته بدقة ويصغي للاخرين باهتمام.

وقد تكون مهمته محكوم عليها بالفشل نظراً لغياب الثقة في سوريا. لكن ربما تكون أمامه فرصة لتحقيق أكثر مما حققه الفريق السوداني محمد الدابي، الذي انسحب من مهمة فاشلة للجامعة العربية في فبراير/ شباط بعدما عوقته اخفاقات دبلوماسية فضلاً عن ضعف سجل بلاده بشأن حقوق الانسان.

وقال كيل انجي بيرجا، الباحث في المعهد النرويجي للدراسات الدفاعية والذي عمل مع مود، “انه شديد الصرامة والوضوح في تصريحاته… من الصعب للغاية أن يسيء المرء فهمه”. واضاف “يتمتع بمهارات دبلوماسية رائعة وهو أمر غير معتاد بالنسبة لجنرال. يمتلك القدرة على التحدث بأسلوب كل الاطراف.”

واختبر مود مهاراته بالعمل مع القوات متعددة الجنسيات في كوسوفو وهو أيضا جزء من تقليد نرويجي بالمشاركة في حفظ السلام بالشرق الاوسط.

وقال بول روجرز، استاذ دراسات السلام في جامعة برادفورد البريطانية، “التجربة في البلقان مفيدة للغاية نظرا لتعقد الوضع هناك”.

ورأس مود منظمة الامم المتحدة لمراقبة الهدنات – التي تراقب عمليات وقف اطلاق النار بالشرق الاوسط – من 2009 حتى 2011 وهو ما أتاح له زيارة دمشق دائما ويقال انه يتمتع بالفعل باتصالات طيبة مع ضباط الجيش السوري. وقال لرويترز في مقابلة بعد فترة قصيرة من تعيينه بمنصبه الجديد “وقعت في حب دمشق في 2009. لم يقابلني أحد قط بمثل هذا الدفء”. وتحدث بشأن كيف كان بامكانه أن يتمشى في “الازقة المظلمة” في دمشق بصحبة زوجته وابنه ويشعر بالترحاب والامان.

وقال لصحيفة “ديلي ستار” اللبنانية في 2009 ان فلسفته في ذلك الوقت كمراقب تابع للامم المتحدة أنه “لا يأتي المرء مثل فيل في بيت من زجاج ويملي عليهم ما يفعلونه. هذا لا يجدي”. غير أن مهمته الجديدة ستكون اختبارا كبيرا له. ففي حين أن من المزمع نشر 300 مراقب لم يتم حتى الان نشر سوى بضعة مراقبين عزل يعتمدون الى حد كبير على السلطات السورية في تأمينهم.

وقال البريجادير البريطاني المتقاعد، بن باري، الخبير بالمعهد الدولي للدراسات الاستراتيجية “سيكون منصباً ينطوي على تحديات هائلة. لا يوضح قرار مجلس الامن مسؤولية السوريين في تسهيل وصول المراقبين (الى المناطق المضطربة). لا نعلم قدر المرونة التي ستتاح له”.

وانضم مود، الذي ينحدر من بلدة كراجيرو الصغيرة على الساحل الجنوبي للنرويج، الى الجيش في 1979 وتولى منصب رئيس الاركان من 2005 حتى 2009. وحصل على درجات علمية من كليات عسكرية نرويجية واميركية.

وقال عنه ضابط أوروبي يعرفه “انه قائد صارم وقليل الكلام يتمتع بخلفية جيدة من منطقة البلقان رغم أن تجربته القتالية التقليدية ستكون محدودة”. وتابع “في ما يتعلق بالتفاوض مع السلطات السورية لن يكون لين العريكة. سيكون قوياً ومحددا وغير مشوش.”

وقال مود عندما تلقى اتصالا هاتفيا يطلب منه قيادة فريق التقييم “كان من السهل الموافقة.” واضاف بشأن مهمته وخطة السلام التي أعدها المبعوث الدولي كوفي أنان “انها جديرة ببذل جهد من أجلها. يستحق الشعب السوري أن ينال فرصة.”

لكن المهمة محفوفة بمخاطر هائلة ايضا. وقال روجرز “تلك الظروف هي الى حد كبير أصعب ظروف يمكن أن يتوقعها المرء… انها مرحلة محفوفة بمخاطر شديدة في حياة مود المهنية.”

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