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تحذير من مخاطر التهجير القسري لبدو فلسطين

البدو في دائرة مخططات التهجير

البدو في دائرة مخططات التهجير

القدس المحتلة ــ فادي هاني
يعيش نحو 2300 بدوي في 20 تجمعاً، تقع على التلال التي تطل على القدس المحتلة من جهة الشرق؛ أكثر من 80 في المئة منهم لاجئون من مناطق النقب بعد العام 1948، وأكثر من ثلثيْهم من الأطفال.
يعيش هؤلاء البدو في ظروف مأسوية، إذ فقدوا القدرة على الوصول الى المراعي بسبب توسيع المستوطنات، ومنازل غالبيتهم مهددة بالهدم، كما أن هذه التجمعات لا تصلها الكهرباء، في حين لا تصل المياه سوى الى نصفها تقريباً. وعلاوة على ذلك، تخطط إسرائيل الى تهجيرهم وترحيلهم من أراضيهم.
في هذا الصدد، حذر تقرير أصدره “مكتب تنسيق الشؤون الإنسانية في الأراضي الفلسطينية المحتلة”، التابع للأمم المتحدة، “أوتشا”، وتلقت “أخبار بووم” نسخة منه، من أن “خطر التهجير القسري يتهدد المجتمعات البدوية الفلسطينية، التي تعيش في التلال الواقعة شرق القدس، بعدما أبلغتها السلطات الإسرائيلية بأن لا خيار أمامها سوى مغادرة المنطقة، كجزء من خطة أشمل لإعادة توطين البدو الذين يعيشون في المنطقة «ج» الخاضعة للسيطرة الإسرائيلية أمنياً وإدارياً”. وأضاف التقرير أن “تنفيذ الخطة قد يبدأ في كانون الثاني/ يناير العام 2012.
وكانت صحيفة “هآرتس” الإسرائيلية نشرت، منتصف الشهر الماضي، تفاصيل هذه الخطة التي تأتي على 3 مراحل وتهدف الى توسيع مستوطنة “معاليه أدوميم”، وبعض المستوطنات في المنطقة الممتدة ما بين شرقي القدس وشرقي رام الله.
وأشارت الصحيفة الى أن المرحلة الأولى “تبدأ بإخلاء نحو 2400 مواطن بدوي، يعيشون شرق القدس، بهدف ربط المستوطنات في هذه المنطقة مع القدس، من خلال بناء المزيد من الوحدات الاستيطانية”، مضيفة أن هؤلاء البدو “سيُنقلون برضاهم أو بالقوة للسكن في حي سكني قريب من بلدة العيزرية”، وأن تنفيذ ذلك يبدأ قريباً على أن ينتهي في العام 2012. وأضافت أن “المرحلة الثانية تتضمن تجميع باقي البدو في تجمعات سكنية جديدة هي قيد الدرس حالياً”، علماً أن هذه المرحلة يجب أن تنتهي في العام 2015. أما بالنسبة الى المرحلة الثالثة، فهي تشمل كل البدو في الضفة، بهدف تجميعهم في مناطق سكنية جديدة.
وتعتبر هذه الخطة امتداداً لخطة قديمة تعود الى التسعينيات، عندما رحّلت إسرائيل 200 عائلة من المنطقة، بعضها بالقوة، ومن بينها العديد من عائلات عرب الجهالين، وجمعتها قرب بلدة العيزرية.
وكان تقرير “أوتشا” أوضح “القلق من انعكاسات خطة التهجير القسري للبدو في محيط القدس”، معتبراً أن “الموقع المقترح لتوطينهم في بلدة العيزرية لا يستوفي أدنى المعايير المقبولة، وخصوصاً بسبب قربه من مكب النفايات البلدي، ما يشكل مخاطر صحية على هذه التجمعات، إضافة الى تدهور الظروف المعيشية للبدو بسبب محدودية الوصول الى مناطق الرعي والأسواق لبيع منتجاتهم، وفقدان التواصل القبلي، وتقويض نمط حياتهم”.
ويلحظ التقرير أن مساكن البدو الحالية تقع في منطقة لها أهمية استراتيجية لتوسيع المستوطنات، وخصوصاً خطة “شرق 1” التي تهدف الى توسيع “معاليه أدوميم” وربطها بالقدس، مضيفاً أنه إذا ما تم تنفيذ هذه الخطة، واستكمال بناء الجدار الفاصل في المنطقة، فسيشكل ذلك خطراً على نمو الفلسطينيين وتطورهم وسيقطع التواصل الجغرافي للضفة.

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